Conflict Theory A Sociological Theory - 1617 Words

Conflict Theory is a sociological theory that views society as a competition for limited resources rather than a system of equilibrium like some sociological theories claim. Instead of saying that everyone is acting the general interest of society, Conflict Theory claims that the only interests that people are concerned with in society are themselves. Due to the fact that resources are limited, organizations and people who are able to get ahold of some of this limited resources will continue to use them in order to stay in power. However, social problems begin to arise when the groups with more resources than others become dominant. The dominant groups will always find a way to stay in power because they are not keen on risking this power†¦show more content†¦There are many faucets of life where women are not given the resources that men are. In politics, the UN says that less than twenty percent of congressional seats are held by women and women are only a quarter of state legislative bodies. The United States is ranked seventy-second in countries for political equality through gender. A main reason for this problem is political funding and how it is mostly channeled through the patriarchy. It is harder for women to get a hold on this limited resource, campaign donations, because large corporations are more inclined to funnel their money to the male challengers rather than to the female challengers. Before one can even begin campaigning, they need to be able to raise the money to support the arduous task that is campaigning and, therefore, those politicians with better connections to fundraisers are more likely to win, rather than the politicians who actually have a good vision for this country. These male political networks cut off a valuable resource for women which are a key component on running in an election, much less being able to win it. Stereotypes that are given to women as well as unfair representations of women in media platforms is a huge reason as to why women are unable to get these political networks to campaign for them. Some are convinced that if Hillary Clinton not been married to Bill Clinton and did not have his powerful last name to run on, less peopleShow MoreRelatedClassical Sociological Theories and Social Conflicts1315 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: The ideas of classical sociological theorists Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Emile Durkheim, played an important role in the development of sociology. These theories help explain social conflicts and struggles that have taken place in past centuries. They can also be applied to social problems today, as most of them are similar to social issues of the past or effects of past issues. Some important points covered by these theorists are the roles of rationalization, bureaucracy, religion,Read MoreSocial Conflict Theory : The Sociological Theories Of Domestic Violence1753 Words   |  8 PagesThe term sociological imagination was developed by American sociolog ist C. Wright Mills to explain the relevance of everyday issues on a social level. He examines â€Å"personal troubles and how they can be understood in terms of large-scale patterns that extend beyond individual experience that are part of society and history† (The Promise of Sociology, 5). In the reading, Mills went on to express how personal trouble is a public issue and that one must understand his or her own history before they canRead MoreThe Sociological World : Functionalism, Conflict Theory, And Symbolic Interactionism978 Words   |  4 Pagesmacro levels, studying the cultures and patterns of people (Keirns et al., 2015, p. 6). Sociologists use sociological imagination, a term created by C. 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Observation of the family, not just the infant may detect a problem before itRead MoreSociological Perspectives Of Functionalism, Conflict Theory, And Symbolic Interactionism900 Words   |  4 PagesExplain the three major sociological perspectives of functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Identify which perspectives use a macro level or a micro level of analysis. Apply each perspective to socialization. Functionalism – Macro Level – This means that each person has a specific function and that each society works together to achieve what is best. For example, my 2 boys attend a public school. The school is funded by taxes I pay as well as neighbors who do not have any childrenRead MoreSociological Perspectives Of Functionalism, Conflict Theory And Symbolic Interactions882 Words   |  4 Pagesthree main sociological perspectives of functionalism, conflict theory and symbolic interactions. In looking at how religion functions in social structures, social systems, and small group interpersonal interactions a sociologist could formulate a better understanding of religion s role in society and the human experience. The sociologist looks at the individual, and how that individual connects to a specific societal location or setting and specifically at religion a sociological study couldRead MoreSimilarities and Differences in Sociological Theories of Crime890 Words   |  4 PagesSimilarities and Differences in Sociological Theories of Crime Walden University Similarities and Differences in Sociological Theories of Crime Sociological theories of crime contain a great deal of useful information in the understanding of criminal behavior. Sociological theories are very useful in the study of criminal behavior because unlike psychological and biological theories they are mostly macro level theories which attempt to explain rates of crime for a group or an area ratherRead MoreSociological Perspective Essay978 Words   |  4 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to construct an essay and define the sociological perspective. To be able to explain how my knowledge of the Sociological Perspective has helped me to understand the social world on both a macro and micro level. This essay will include the definition, discussion and application of specific sociological terms, concepts and theories. The study of sociology brings people to view topics in a unique way than others. The way we see the world, human behavior, as well as itsRead MoreSociology 210 Study Guide1129 Words   |  5 PagesChapter One: The Sociological Perspective I. The Sociological Perspective. A. Sociology is the systematic study of human society. B. The sociological perspective (Berger, 1963) helps us to see general social patterns in the behavior of particular individuals (the general in the particular). C. It also encourages us to realize that society guides our thoughts and deeds — to see the strange in the familiar (Berger, 1963). D. Sociology also encourages us to see personal choice in social contextRead MoreStructural Functionalism And Conflict Theory972 Words   |  4 PagesThe sociological perspective is a way of looking at the world through a â€Å"sociological lens†. In order to best use the sociological perspective, it is important to use a â€Å"beginner’s mind†, which is essentially seeing things in a new light and leaving behind all preconceptions. The macro level of the social world examines large-scale social structures, while the micro level of the social world involves face-to-face and small-group interactions. Both macrosociology and microsociology attempt to better

Avant-Garde fashion history Free Essays

string(77) " designs might have been lassie as avian-garden, it is not truly innovative\." Context Page Introduction 2 History of avian-garden 2-3 Avian-garden in fashion history 3 Contemporary fashion and avian-garden 3 Discussion of Suzan Hens’ autumn/ winter collection 4 Discussion of Assistant Louse’s 2011 autumn/winter collections-5 Discussion of Black Coffee’s 2013 winter collection 5-6 Discussion of Luda Inglenooks 2012 autumn/winter collection 6-7 Discussion of Taboo Machete’s 2012 collection 7 Conclusion 7-8 List of Illustrations 9-13 List of References 14-15 What is avian-garden and how does it fit into South African contemporary fashion design? In order for one to determine if you are for or against avian-garden, and pacifically in relations to South African avian-garden, one must first define avian- garden and explore the origin and history of the movement. According to The Oxford Dictionary of Art, avian-garden is defined as â€Å"a term originally used to describe the foremost part of an army advancing into battle (also called vanguard) and now applied to a group, particularly of artist, that considers itself innovative and ahead of the majority’ (Chillers, 2004:42). Avian-garden therefore refers to designs that are new, innovative and cutting edge. We will write a custom essay sample on Avant-Garde fashion history or any similar topic only for you Order Now South African avian-garden is presently a very small part of the local fashion industry, UT it is a developing fashion trend with great potential. South African avian-garden designers are constantly pushing the envelope in order to stretch the minds of the consumers and other designers. This carries great potential for the South African fashion industry as well as the economy, for if the designers succeed to be truly avian-garden, it is bound to have a positive outcome. I am therefore arguing for the existence and development of South African avian-garden and will be discussing Suzan Hens’ 2011 autumn/winter range, die form, Assistant Louis 2011 autumn/ winter range, Black Coffee’s 2013 winter range, WREATHE, Luda Inglenook’ 2012 autumn/winter range, Anamosa, as well as Taboo Machete’s 2012 range, Kabob EAI Balboa. Avian-garden first made its appearance in art during die late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. A small group of artist decided to break away from the rules that bound artist into creating only an established style of art. They actively attacked the institution of art in order to separate and detach themselves from it, but also to reincorporate themselves and their art into life (Berger, 1984: xvii). The first avian- garden art appeared is the Italian Futurism, French Cubism and German Expressionism movements. These movements were so different due to their fundamentally new aspirations and origins in relation between the artist and the world as well as the subject and the object. Dadaism, Surrealism and Constructivism followed soon after, continuing in these aspirations (Cabooses, 1971 : 53). During the late twentieth century, the fashion century came to an end and postposition came into being. This new fashion movement is expressed in the reversal of the relationship between the fashion designer and follower. Since the ass’s, fashion is no longer initiated by the aristocracy or the bourgeoisie and then hefted down to the general public, but now introduced by the general publics street style where after it moves into the salons of haute couture where it is adapted and mimicked (Vine, 2005: 63). In the ass’s, fashion designers started implementing the use of non-fashionable elements to create the avian-garden fashion beyond fashion. Western Paris-based fashion designs and ideas were shattered and the idea of dressing oneself as a ‘man’, Woman’ or ‘lady became an out of date concept. The avian-garden fashion trend aimed to expose the old function of clothes that classified people into groups of age, gender and status (Geeky, 2012:103). Furthermore, avian- garden designers aimed to shock the public and not to create beautiful and luxurious clothing (Vine, 2005: 64). Today, contemporary civilization is so desensitizing to norms and values that designers struggle to succeed in using the shock treatment as a way to draw attention to their work. It is also very difficult for designers to create totally new designs, for almost everything has been done before. Due to this, as a designer, avian-garden is such a difficult movement to be apart of. South African designers therefore also tend not to be a part of the avian-garden movement, but to follow the European trends and use it as part of their design inspiration. A few South African designers has accepted the challenge of designing avian-garden garments, but are they really a match for the famous and established avian-garden designers or are they simply following in the footsteps of other avian-garden designers? In case study 1, Suzan Hens’ 2011 autumn/ winter range is depicted. This range’s name is â€Å"die form†, because she drew her inspiration from the anatomy of the human body (Hens, 2011). When one looks at the images, one can see that in some instances, continues lines are used to depict the flow and natural rhythm of the human body. Her aim was to reveal the inside of the body on the exterior of a garment, thus creating an exoskeleton (Hens, 2011). This is evident in every design due to the different techniques that she implemented. In this collection one can also see that the muscular and skeletal systems are taken and distorted and warped to create remarkable designs. The fracture shapes in the garments, also contributes to an anatomical silhouette. Suzan describes her collection and says â€Å"it is about inner symbolism, looking at our inner physiology and taking it outside which in turn represents the unveiling of our hidden psyche† (Hens, 2011). Suzan Hens is one of South Africans leading avian-garden fashion designers, but does her designs live up to the standards and definition of true avian-garden design? Although her range has a very interesting concept, and forms such an excellent collection, it is not truly avian-garden, for it has been done before. In 2010, Gucci had a range inspired by x-rays and the same year Jean Paul Guiltier launched his creation as part of the fall collection, inspired by exploring the concept of wearing narrower as outerwear Goanna, 2010). This proves that although her designs might have been lassie as avian-garden, it is not truly innovative. You read "Avant-Garde fashion history" in category "Fashion" She did thus also not set a trend, but followed the trendsetters. In case study 2, one can see Assistant Louse’s 2011 autumn/winter collection. In this collection, he uses different layers of fabric to represent an exploration of self- expression in the context of social, sexual and traditional cultures. At the same time it also comments on our perception of an African aesthetic (Melange, 2011). Assistant was inspired by the way that different cultures wrapped their cloths, especially the Mass’ and Indian cultures as well as the ancient Greeks (Mulberry: 2011). He also explored with African aesthetics in his collection, which can be seen in the beaded necklines. His collaboration of different cultures’ way of wrapping their clothing, led to a balance of colonial and nomadic styles. In this collection, a diverse range of high-wasted peg-leg trousers can be seen along with harem pants and pleated shoulder shawls. Loose fabrics are also used to create these different kinds of wraps and loose silhouettes. The warm and earthy colors, such as mud-grey, brown, blue, red and burnt orange, also refer back to African aesthetics. These colors bring the collection and theme to life. Colorful belts that are wrapped and folded over loose vests as well as over-sized neck pieces are also some of the accessories and styling that contributes to the feel of the overall range (Mulberry, 2011). Assistant Low is viewed as one of South Africans up and coming avian-garden designers, but these designs can not be classified as truly avian-garden. The use of fabrics, such as t-shirt fabric, and the combination of clothing items might be a new addition to traditional culture’s wrapping cloths or way of styling, but that does not make it avian-garden. As soon as a designer uses another culture’s clothing as inspiration, the ND product is likely not to be avian-garden, for it has mostly been done before. The third case study is Black Coffee’s 2013 winter range, WREATHE. This range entwines together contemporary engineering and fabrics with classic and feminine silhouettes. The textures that is clearly visible and one of the key elements of this collection, is created by braiding industrial felt and the layering of mesh panels. In this collection, Black Coffee experimented with the sculptural process of carving, where the shape is exposed within and not constructed by the foundational material (Black Coffee, 2012). This also served as their inspiration for the range. With this collection, Black Coffee hoped to create a ‘collection that captivates by precision and seduces through romantic imagination’ (Black Coffee, 2012). This collection uses a very soft and feminine color palette in order to convey the romantic feel and to highlight the classic silhouettes. It also uses the classic clothing elements such as high-wasted pants, coats and dresses but change them in such a way that they appear as innovative garments. In 2009, Given launched a spring range with a dress that appears to be very similar to some of Black Coffee’s 2013 winter designs (Style, 2012). Although that is the case, Black Coffee can still be viewed as an avian-garden designer, for it creates truly innovative designs that are beautiful and functional at the same time. In case study 4, Luda Inglenooks 2012 autumn/winter range, Anamosa, are depicted. His inspiration for the designs is traditional Xhosa bodywork, craft, symbolism and colors. He uses these in knitwear made of mohair and merino wool in order for mammograms, Xhosa initiates, to wear it after they have gone through the initiation process (Inglenook, 2012). This knitwear depicts his cultural aesthetics and is very practical at the same time. AAA of his designs is contemporary and yet culturally applicable and brings the Xhosa aesthetics to any outfit (Design Indaba, 2013). One can clearly see the use of the Xhosa patterns and the bodywork inspiration in the Jersey designs. They are also colorful, true to the Xhosa traditional colors. Furthermore, Luda has succeeded in creating garments that is formal enough for the mammograms to wear, for they traditionally have to wear formal clothing for up to six months after the initiation process, to symbolize their newly found manhood Inglenook, 2012). This Jersey-knitwear does not seem to be avian-garden design, but no knitwear has been made using Xhosa patterns and bodywork as inspiration before. If one looks at the definition of avian-garden, stating that a design should be innovative to be classified as avian-garden design, then Luda’s Anamosa range can be classified as avian-garden design. Case study 5 depicts Taboo Machete’s 2012 range, Kabob EAI Balboa, meaning blanket of the prestige (Design Indaba, 2013). Taboo uses Bassist blankets to create stunning coats and handbags. The handbags are made out of the blanket scraps, in order to eliminate as much waste as possible. By up-cycling the blankets, Taboo is also contributing to a â€Å"greener† society (Macbeth, 2013). Traditional Sotto patterns can be seen in the coats, as they are traditionally on Bassist blankets. These blanket coats can certainly be classified as avian-garden, for it is cutting edge, and has not been done before. There is currently a blanket trend amongst males, but none that include fashioning clothing out of blankets. The trend merely includes males draping blankets with fashionable patterns around their neck and shoulders, almost like an over-sized scarf (Bogart, 2013). Contemporary South African fashion does not really include avian-garden fashion designs. Most trends are simply copied from European fashion trends, for we are a season behind. Therefore South Africa has a very small, yet developing avian-garden fashion movement seen in the designs of fashion designers such as Suzan Hens, Assistant Low, Black Coffee, Luda Inglenook and Taboo Macbeth. These designers’ works would most likely not be classified as avian-garden by famous European designers, but from a South African point of view, they would qualify. Just like the small group of artists that broke away from the bounding rules of revises established art styles, our small South African group of designers is attempting avian-garden design. They may not be the leaders of the pack, but they are certainly contending and attacking the system of following European trends. Although I have now seen that South African avian-garden is really limited and almost none existing, I am still arguing for the development of South African fashion design. I believe that the success of being truly avian-garden will lead to exposure and publicity for the country, which in turn will lead to a positive economic outcome. 2003 words List of Illustrations Case Study 1: Suzan Hens Suzan Hens, Die Form, Audiometer 2011. How to cite Avant-Garde fashion history, Essays

Employee Engagement Benefits-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthlep.com

Questions: 1.The Potential Benefits and Outcomes of High Levels of Employee Engagement. 2.The various Employee Engagement Strategies the Organisation should consider. Answers: Introduction In this report, the main focus is given on the employee engagement benefits and strategies that should be taken into consideration by the pharmaceutical company situated in Malaysia. Employee engagement is essential for the organization to survive in the competitive environment. Employee engagement is a workplace approach that gives right condition to all the employees of the organization. It helps the organization to attain the goals and objectives in an effective manner. Employee engagement should be there as it helps to motivate the employees to work in an efficient manner so that the organization can easily attain success in the competitive environment. It is seen that if the employees are efficient and give their best, then there are many strategies that are discussed in this report to be considered by the organization. So, in this report, potential benefits and outcomes and also the strategies that should be taken into consideration by the company will be discussed. The potential benefits and outcomes of high levels of employee engagement Employee engagement is related to the employees who are working in the organization. Employees who feel passionate about their jobs and also committed to the organization are essential to survive in the competitive environment. If the organization does not have potential employees to conduct the activities, then it can be very difficult to attain the profitability in an effective manner. There are many benefits that are related to the employee engagement. Employee satisfaction: It is also considered as one of the essential factors for the organization. The research shows that if the employees of the organization are involved with the company, then it is seen that the job satisfaction levels enhances. The employees who are satisfied and involved in conducting the activities of the organization are considered as an important part. It is very difficult for the organization to find out the employee who is dedicated towards the work (Purce, 2014). The company has dedicated and efficient employee, then it can be easy to accomplish goals and objectives. The employees of the organization should have a high level of commitment and also loyalty then only it can be easy for the company to attain success. The employees who are satisfied with the job play a key role in the organization. The employees conduct the activities as an ambassador of the organization. To attain the profitability and also to enhance the image of the company is in the hand of the employees. The satisfied employees promote and support the company's mission, strategy and brand. Productivity: The employees who are dedicated towards the work are often considered as a top performer and those who are committed to go extra mile are able to attain the business success in an effective manner. If the employees of the organization become more engaged then it is evaluated that the absenteeism reduces and the motivation level of the employee's increases. When the motivation level enhances then the direct impact is seen on the increase of the productivity level. It states that the more engaged the employees are the more efficiency can be attained. The strong employee engagement gives various outcomes that are beneficial for the employees and the customers. For example: It is seen that the top quartile organizations have low absentees and turnover. The employees who are involved with their job and also with the employer are more productive. It is due to the motivation factor that gives more emphasis on enhancing the efficiency and also helps to achieve the success of the organization. Retention and recruitment: To retain good employees is one of the key successes of every organization. Employees who have engaged actively in conducting the activities reduce the risk of turnover for the company. It is seen that the engaged employees give their best to attain the success of the company and also they become more loyal. When the employees of the organization are satisfied and engaged then it is seen that they conduct the activities for a long term in the organization. The workforces who are engaged in conducting the activities have enhanced the ability to attract new and qualified employees. Innovation: There is a close link between the innovation and employee engagement. The employees who are dedicated towards the work give their best performance at a higher level and also bring passion and interest to their job. It often results to enhance the innovation in the workplace. The employees who are dedicated towards the work have to feel that they have a real stake in the organization. It efficiently creates new products and services. Collaboration in the workplace between the employees and the top management gives the outcome of the overall growth of the organization. By taking into consideration pharmaceutical company it is important to take into consideration innovative strategies so that the profitability can be increased. Profitability: It is one of the advantages that are attained by the organization with the help of efficient employees. Efficient employees enhance the profitability rates of the organization. It is seen that when the employees are engaged they become more productive and efficient towards the activities of the organization. It also gives a positive impact on the bottom line (Truss, C., Shantz et al., 2013). It is evaluated that in many pharmaceutical companies they have highly engaged employees who give 26 percent higher revenue by taking into consideration per employee. If the organization has more efficient and productive employees, then the operating costs can be reduced and also the profit margin can be enhanced. In the pharmaceutical company, the company can attain profitability by taking into consideration employee engagement. If the company has effective employee engagement, then it can be seen that the success can be easily achieved. Enhancement in the employee loyalty: The advantage of having engaged employees is that it gives best towards the company and also they are loyal and conduct the activities like an ambassador of the company. To find out the customer loyalty the company can easily find out by taking into consideration employee net promoter service. It is used to measure the customer loyalty and also it has enhanced the feeling of the employees that would give direct impact on the customer satisfaction level. Employee loyalty is important, as it is seen if the employee is loyal towards the job then it can give a positive impact on the overall profitability of the organization. It also helps the company to achieve the goals and objectives in an effective manner (Anitha, 2014). There are also many factors that affect employee engagement like: Strategic alignment: The employees work in line where the business is going to be conducted and also it helps to attain the profitability of the organization. Trust in the senior leadership: This is also one of the factors that give effect on the customer engagement. The trust should be maintained to follow senior leaders and also to enhance the trust between the employees of the organization. Trust is animportant factor for attaining success and also to increase the employee engagement. It is important to maintain proper trust with the senior leadership so that they can give the directions in a proper manner. Peer culture: Effective peer culture can enhance the employee engagement and also it helps to enhance the productivity of the employees and drives the performance of the organization. If there is proper peer culture in the organization, then it can give a positive impact on the productivity level of the organization (Sparrow, Brewster and Chung, 2016). Personal influence: The employees who feel can strive to conduct the activities in a better way and also it takes into consideration innovative ideas that can be beneficial for the organization (Swarnalatha and Prasanna, 2013). Manager working relationship: The quality of the management team gives direct impact on the performance and also on retention of the employees. If the management is proper then it can give positive impact and can also enhance the productivity level in an effective manner. The managers should try to maintain proper relations with the employees so that the information can be conveyed easily without any problem. Relationship with the employees is the important factor that should be given focus so that the organization can attain the profitability in an effective manner (Shields, Brown et al., 2015). Career Support: To provide employees with the opportunity is related to the development of the jobs. It gives employees the confidence to conduct the activities of the organization in a smooth manner. If the company provides career support to the organization, then it is seen that the employees get attracted towards the company for the job. By taking into consideration the recent scenario, it is analyzed that people are more attracted to the companies that offer various benefits that can be useful to enhance their career opportunities (Derks, Duin, Tims and Bakker, 2015). Nature of the job: To offer employees with the jobs that are designed to challenge them is good and also it is related to the employee's skills and qualifications. Development opportunities: This is also one of the essential factors that affect the employee engagement (Storey, 2014). It offers employees with the jobs that are not only designed with formal learning programs but also with the opportunity to attain the skills and knowledge of the jobs. There are various development opportunities for the employees of the organization. If they grab it at right time, then it can be beneficial for them. In the pharmaceutical company, it is seen the more knowledge and employee possess, the more success can be attained. It helps the employees to earn incentives by marketing their product in a proper way (Albrecht, Bakker et al., 2015). Pay fairness: This is also one of the major factors of the employee engagement in this the employees are motivated if the wages are paid equally. To motivate employees it is important to implement equitable pay linked to the performance and also to the type of the company. It is essential that equal wages should be given to the employees so that they can work with full dedication and conduct the activities in an effective manner (Mishra, Boynton and Mishra, 2014). 2.Various employee engagement strategies that should be taken into consideration by the company Retaining employees is important for the business, as employees are considered as heart and soul of the business. They are considered as a mechanism that helps the business to run the organization smoothly and also assist to implement idea and policies of the management. It is evaluated that the good management intends to retain the talented employees, who have the capability to conduct the task faithfully and also to work in an effective manner. The business sector offers attractive incentives to the employees if the individual gives best towards the work. The employer tries to offer all the facilities to the employees and also expects the similar return in the form of enhancement in the production level (Saks and Gruman, 2014). Inefficient employees affect the employer and also give negative impact on the overall profitability of the organization. In various cases, inefficient employees give impact on the customers by giving an improper response and also with the rude behavior. If the customer has a bad experience with the employee then it automatically affects the organization. In all the cases the overall sales and production get affected. If the customer feels disheartened then it is difficult for the organization to achieve the goals and objectives (Herrera, 2015). The strategy that should be considered by the organization for employee engagement is to get the right employees so that the work can be managed by moving things in the right direction from the beginning. Once an employee puts efforts into conducting the activities, the work environment will automatically be streamlined (Bakker, 2014). The pharmaceutical company should also create a flexible work environment. The team r the employees should be given freedom to attain the results without giving emphasis on micromanagement (Laszlo and Zhexembayeva, 2017). Proper development of metrics should be there so that the behavior can be monitored. The employees should be motivated to attain the results of the organization. If the employees want some benefits like holidays, or flexibility in the timing then it should be given, so that they can give their best towards the work without carrying any stress. It is also important to give emphasis on the bottom line and not on the timing spent in the office. If the flexibility is there in the organization then employee engagement is also increased. Flexible work environment helps the employees to be happy and also satisfied with the job or the activities that are assigned (Demerouti, Bakker and Leiter, 2014). Invest in training and development is also one of the important strategies that should be considered for enhancing the activities of the organization. The employer should increase the importance of fostering the growth and also of the learning pattern to bring best efforts by the employees. The company should develop In-house training departments so that it can lead to enhancement in the internal rotational programs and commit the employees towards the organization. Once the feeling arises in the employees, that the company invested in them it can give success to the organization (Alfes, Shantz, Truss and Soane, 2013). It is important for the organization to enhance the knowledge of the employees so that they can easily conduct the activities assigned to them. If they don't have proper knowledge then it can be difficult for the organization to accomplish the goals and objectives in a proper way. So, the pharmaceutical company should give focus on the training and development to conduct the activities in a smooth manner (Mone and London, 2014). The next strategy that should be taken into consideration is related to the respect that should be given to the employee's needs for work and life balance. As an employer, it is the responsibility to take into consideration holistic approach for the welfare of the employees. Work arrangements help to implement the flexible hours and also should offer part-time jobs. The company should give focus on offering work-life balance so that the customer engagement can be increased in a smooth manner (Carmeli, Dutton and Hardin, 2015). Work and life balance are important for the organization, as it is seen that the company can easily enhance the customer engagement proper work and life balance is given to the employees of the organization. This strategy not only gives support to the employees but also helps the organization to compete in the competitive environment (Breevaart, K., Bakker et al., 2014). Maintain open channels of communication. Proper channels of communication should be maintained to that the employees can communicate easily without any interference. It is also essential to make sure that proper encouragement of the employees takes place and also to maintain proper communication by giving proper direction, mission, and vision of the company. To conduct the regular employee appraisals is required as it allows for feedback and also gives permission to raise the concerns with proper expectations (Kumar and Pansari, 2016). Employee engagement can be increased by making proper discussion of the goals and long and short-term objectives. Listening to the employees even when the request cannot be met helps to enhance the loyalty of the employees. The successful employee engagement needs honest and constructive feedback on a regular basis. The feedback helps as a motivational tool and also as a challenging talent in the right direction that builds strength and also that considers the weakness (Armstrong and Taylor,2014). The pharmaceutical company should also give focus on creating an environment of diversity and inclusion. The employees who feel valued and respected give positive impact on the bottom line of the company. It is important to give focus on the coaching programs so that it can help the employees to understand the strength and priorities for attaining the goals and objectives of the organization (Sorenson, 2013). The next strategy that should be considered for employee engagement is concerned with formalizing the reward and recognition programs. The employer of the organization should make sure that the formal mechanism should be considered for evaluating and rewarding the employees. They should give focus on rewarding the employees according to their performance. If the employees are giving a good performance then should be given incentives or various other benefits, so that they can give their best towards the work. A meritocratic environment should be driven so that the professionals or the employees can earn the rewards and recognition (Anthony?McMann, Ellinger et al., 2017). If the employees are performing above the expectation level then extra benefit should be given to the employees, so that they also feel motivated. If the employees are given incentives according to the performance level, then it is evaluated that they give their best so that they can earn incentives easily. In many cases, it is analyzed that if the employee is given rewards then they try to meet the expectation level of the customers. To motivate the employees it is also one of the effective techniques that should be taken into consideration by the organization for conducting the activities smoothly (Brewster, Mayrhofer and Morley, 2016). Conclusion By analyzing the report, it is concluded that employee engagement is an important part of the organization. If there is proper employee engagement in the organization, then it can be possible to attain the goals and objectives of the organization. The positive outcomes that are discussed in the report are employee satisfaction, productivity, personal influence, innovation, retention, enhancement in the customer loyalty and profitability. It is essential for the organization to give emphasis on the employee engagement so that the employees can feel motivated and can conduct their activities effectively. There should also be proper strategies that should be taken into consideration by the organization so that the employees can be engaged and retained in the organization for a long time. In the last phase of the report, the discussion is made on the strategies that should be considered by the organization to enhance customer engagement. The strategies that are discussed are a flexible work environment, training and development, work and life balance, open communication channel, diversity and inclusion and formalizing the reward and recognition programs. These all are the strategies that should be taken into consideration by the pharmaceutical company situated in Malaysia. If these strategies are implemented effectively then goals and objectives can be accomplished in a proper manner References Albrecht, S.L., Bakker, A.B., Gruman, J.A., Macey, W.H. and Saks, A.M., 2015. 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